With affinity purification of serum against small antigen targets, the advantages of polyclonal antibodies are further extended. For general research applications, however, the advantages of polyclonal antibodies typically outweigh the few advantages that monoclonal antibodies provide. They will have the affinity for the same antigen but different epitopes, while monoclonal antibodies are made using identical immune cells that are all clones of a specific parent cell.įor applications such as therapeutic drug development that require large volumes of identical antibody specific to a single epitope, monoclonal antibodies are a better solution. Polyclonal antibodies are made using several different immune cells. Find out more about our recombinant antibodies and production process here. Proteintech has a wide range of recombinant antibodies, and we are constantly adding new targets every month. This recombinant technology results in almost no lot-to-lot variability, removing the risk of genetic drift that can result in variations in of monoclonal antibod ies. Unlike traditional monoclonal antibodies produced from hybridomas, the recombinant vectors are introduced into expression hosts (e.g. R ecombinant antibodies are monoclonal antibodies that have been produced by in vitro cloning of the antibody heavy and light chain DNA sequences from the B cells or plasma cells of immunized animals. The next generation of monoclonal antibodies are recombinant antibodies, which are considered to be the future of antibody manufacturing. More susceptible to binding changes when labeled (e.g. Requires significantly more time to produce and develop the hybridized clone (+/- 6 months). It is necessary to produce a pool of several monoclonal antibodies. More sensitive in assays requiring quantification of the protein levels. High specificity to a single epitope reflected in low cross-reactivity. Possibility to produce large quantities of identical antibody (an advantage for diagnostic manufacturing and therapeutic drug development). Monoclonal antibodies: Advantages and disadvantagesīatch-to-batch reproducibility (high homogeneity). High chance of cross-reactivity due to a recognition of multiple epitopes (affinity purified antibodies display a minimum cross-reactivity). Superior for use in detecting a native protein.Įasy to couple with antibody labels and rather unlikely to affect binding capability.īatch-to-batch variability as produced in different animals at different times. High ability to capture the target protein (recommended as the capture antibody in a sandwich ELISA).Īntibody affinity results in quicker binding to the target antigen (recommended for assays that require quick capture of the protein e.g., IP or ChIP). Have a high sensitivity for detecting low-quantity proteins.
Higher overall antibody affinity against the antigen due to the recognition of multiple epitopes. Inexpensive and relatively quick to produce (+/- 3 months). Polyclonal antibodies: Advantages and disadvantages Interact with a particular epitope on the antigen. Interact with different epitopes on the same antigen. Production requires hybridoma cell lines. Production does not require hybridoma cell lines.
Produced by the same clone of plasma B cells. Produced by different clones of plasma B cells. Refer to a homogenous population of antibodies that are produced by a single clone of plasma B cells. Refer to a mixture of immunoglobulin molecules that are secreted against a particular antigen. This summary table highlights the five main differences between the two types of antibodies. A) Polyclonal antibodies bind to the same antigen, but different epitopes and B) monoclonal antibodies bind to the same epitope on a target antigen. This blog aims to give a comprehensive overview of the advantages and disadvantages of these two types of antibodies to enable the user to best choose the type most suitable for their application.įigure 1. Polyclonal antibodies contain a heterologous mixture of IgGs against the whole antigen, whereas monoclonal antibodies are composed of a single IgG against one epitope (Figure 1.) To answer different research needs, there are two types of antibodies available to scientists: polyclonal and monoclonal. Of the available antibody isotypes, IgG is most commonly used for research. Due the strong affinity of an antibody to one particular sequence, an epitope (typically 4-6 amino acids in length), they are widely used in research to identify and detect target proteins of interest in a variety of different applications. Antibodies are large Y-shaped proteins called immunoglobulins which are produced by B cells as part of the adaptive immune response when encountering a foreign molecule.
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